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Cancer Prevention Research
Cancer Prevention Research
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Commentary

Conceptualizing Health Behaviors as Acute Mood-Altering Agents: Implications for Cancer Control

Genevieve F. Dunton, Jonas T. Kaplan, John Monterosso, Raina D. Pang, Tyler B. Mason, Matthew G. Kirkpatrick, Sandrah P. Eckel and Adam M. Leventhal
Genevieve F. Dunton
1Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California.
2Department of Psychology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California.
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  • For correspondence: dunton@usc.edu
Jonas T. Kaplan
2Department of Psychology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California.
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John Monterosso
2Department of Psychology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California.
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Raina D. Pang
1Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California.
2Department of Psychology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California.
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Tyler B. Mason
1Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California.
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  • ORCID record for Tyler B. Mason
Matthew G. Kirkpatrick
1Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California.
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Sandrah P. Eckel
1Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California.
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Adam M. Leventhal
1Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California.
2Department of Psychology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California.
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DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.CAPR-19-0345 Published April 2020
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Abstract

A massive portion of cancer burden is accounted for by a small collection of highly prevalent cancer risk behaviors (e.g., low physical activity, unhealthy diet, and tobacco use). Why people engage in numerous types of cancer risk behaviors and fail to adopt various cancer prevention behaviors has been poorly understood. In this commentary, we propose a novel scientific framework, which argues that a common affective (i.e., emotion based) mechanism underpins a diversity of such cancer risk and prevention behaviors. The scientific premise is that cancer risk and prevention behaviors produce immediate and robust changes in affective states that are translated into motivations and drives, which promote further pursuit of risk behaviors or avoidance of prevention behaviors. After describing the conceptual and scientific basis for this framework, we then propose central research questions that can address the validity and utility of the framework. Next, we selectively review and integrate findings on the mood-altering effects of various cancer risk and prevention behaviors from the addiction science, exercise science, and behavioral nutrition literatures, focusing on the nature and phenomenology of behavior-elicited mood changes and their value for predicting future behavior change. We conclude by discussing how this framework can be applied to address critical scientific questions in cancer control.

Footnotes

  • Cancer Prev Res 2020;13:343–50

  • Received July 18, 2019.
  • Revision received November 4, 2019.
  • Accepted January 10, 2020.
  • Published first January 16, 2020.
  • ©2020 American Association for Cancer Research.
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Cancer Prevention Research: 13 (4)
April 2020
Volume 13, Issue 4
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Conceptualizing Health Behaviors as Acute Mood-Altering Agents: Implications for Cancer Control
Genevieve F. Dunton, Jonas T. Kaplan, John Monterosso, Raina D. Pang, Tyler B. Mason, Matthew G. Kirkpatrick, Sandrah P. Eckel and Adam M. Leventhal
Cancer Prev Res April 1 2020 (13) (4) 343-350; DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.CAPR-19-0345

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Conceptualizing Health Behaviors as Acute Mood-Altering Agents: Implications for Cancer Control
Genevieve F. Dunton, Jonas T. Kaplan, John Monterosso, Raina D. Pang, Tyler B. Mason, Matthew G. Kirkpatrick, Sandrah P. Eckel and Adam M. Leventhal
Cancer Prev Res April 1 2020 (13) (4) 343-350; DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.CAPR-19-0345
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  • Article
    • Abstract
    • Introduction
    • Conceptual Framework
    • Affective Response Profiles
    • Informational Value of Detailed Affective Response Profiling
    • Interdisciplinary Evidence Supporting the Framework
    • Key Scientific Steps to Test the Validity and Utility of the Framework
    • Significance of Discovering the Predictive and Explanatory Value of Affective Response Profiles
    • Conclusion
    • Disclosure of Potential Conflicts of Interest
    • Authors' Contributions
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