Table of Contents

Research Articles

• Research Article

  Targeting the Cholecystokinin Receptor: A Novel Approach for Treatment and Prevention of Hepatocellular Cancer

  Martha D. Gay, Anita Safronenka, Hong Cao, Felice H. Liu, Zoe X. Malchiodi, Robin D. Tucker, Alexander Kroemer, Narayan Shivapurkar and Jill P. Smith

  Cancer Prev Res January 1 2021 14 (1) 17-30; DOI:10.1158/1940-6207.CAPR-20-0220

  
  

  This investigation demonstrates the role of the gastrointestinal peptide cholecystokinin (CCK) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and how CCK-BR blockade reverses the premalignant state of the hepatic extracellular matrix hence, rendering it less susceptible to the development of HCC. Thereby, CCK-BR blockade is a novel approach for the prevention/treatment of HCC.
• Research Article

  Reducing Fatty Acid Oxidation Improves Cancer-free Survival in a Mouse Model of Li-Fraumeni Syndrome

  Ping-Yuan Wang, Jin Ma, Jie Li, Matthew F. Starost, Michael J. Wolfgang, Komudi Singh, Mehdi Pirooznia, Ju-Gyeong Kang and Paul M. Hwang

  Cancer Prev Res January 1 2021 14 (1) 31-40; DOI:10.1158/1940-6207.CAPR-20-0368

  
  

  Mildly inhibiting the increased fatty acid oxidation observed in a mouse model of Li-Fraumeni syndrome, a cancer predisposition disorder caused by inherited mutations of TP53, dampens aberrant pro-tumorigenic cell signaling and improves the survival time of these mice, thereby revealing a potential strategy for cancer prevention in patients.
• Research Article

  Genome-wide Association Analysis of Proinflammatory Cytokines and Gene–lifestyle Interaction for Invasive Breast Cancer Risk: The WHI dbGaP Study

  Su Yon Jung, Peter A. Scott, Jeanette C. Papp, Eric M. Sobel, Matteo Pellegrini, Herbert Yu, Sihao Han and Zuo-Feng Zhang

  Cancer Prev Res January 1 2021 14 (1) 41-54; DOI:10.1158/1940-6207.CAPR-20-0256

  
  

  The top GWA-SNPs associated with pro-inflammatory biomarkers have implications for breast carcinogenesis by interacting with obesity factors. Our findings may suggest interventions for women who carry the inflammatory-risk genotypes to reduce breast cancer risk.
• Research Article

  Sleep Characteristics and Risk of Ovarian Cancer Among Postmenopausal Women

  Xiaoyun Liang, Holly R. Harris, Michael Hendryx, Aladdin H. Shadyab, Lauren Hale, Yueyao Li, Tracy E. Crane, Elizabeth M. Cespedes Feliciano, Marcia L. Stefanick and Juhua Luo

  Cancer Prev Res January 1 2021 14 (1) 55-64; DOI:10.1158/1940-6207.CAPR-20-0174

  
  

  This study shows no association between sleep duration, sleep quality, or insomnia with the risk of overall ovarian cancer among postmenopausal women. However, restful sleep quality was associated with a lower risk of invasive serous ovarian cancer, and insomnia was associated with a higher risk of invasive serous ovarian cancer.
• Research Article

  Inflammation Modulation by Vitamin D and Calcium in the Morphologically Normal Colorectal Mucosa of Patients with Colorectal Adenoma in a Clinical Trial

  David Corley Gibbs, Veronika Fedirko, John A. Baron, Elizabeth L. Barry, W. Dana Flanders, Marjorie L. McCullough, Rami Yacoub, Tapasya Raavi, Robin E. Rutherford, March E. Seabrook and Roberd M. Bostick

  Cancer Prev Res January 1 2021 14 (1) 65-76; DOI:10.1158/1940-6207.CAPR-20-0140

  
  

  Supplemental calcium and vitamin D reduce indicators of cancer-promoting inflammation in normal colorectal tissue in humans, thus furthering our understanding of how they may help prevent colorectal cancer.
• Research Article

  Risk of Skin Cancer Associated with Metformin Use: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials and Observational Studies

  Michael S. Chang, Rebecca I. Hartman, Junchao Xue, Edward L. Giovannucci, Hongmei Nan and Keming Yang

  Cancer Prev Res January 1 2021 14 (1) 77-84; DOI:10.1158/1940-6207.CAPR-20-0376

  
  

  Meta-analyses of RCT and cohort studies showed no significant association between metformin and skin cancer, although suggestive evidence of modestly reduced skin cancer risks among metformin users was observed. These findings suggest metformin use should not influence current medical decision making for diabetes patients at risk of developing skin cancer.
• Research Article

  Changes in Dietary Inflammatory Index Patterns with Weight Loss in Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial

  Catherine Duggan, Jean de Dieu Tapsoba, Nitin Shivappa, Holly R. Harris, James R. Hébert, Ching-Yun Wang and Anne McTiernan

  Cancer Prev Res January 1 2021 14 (1) 85-94; DOI:10.1158/1940-6207.CAPR-20-0181

  
  

  Diets high in saturated fats and low in fruit and vegetable intake are associated with increased inflammation, which increases cancer risk. This study showed that changes in diet quality had effects on factors associated with cancer; however, the majority of beneficial effects were associated with weight loss rather than diet quality.
• Research Article

  Association of Aspirin, Metformin, and Statin Use with Gastric Cancer Incidence and Mortality: A Nationwide Cohort Study

  Mi Hee Cho, Tae Gon Yoo, Su-Min Jeong and Dong Wook Shin

  Cancer Prev Res January 1 2021 14 (1) 95-104; DOI:10.1158/1940-6207.CAPR-20-0123

  
  

  Long-term use of aspirin was independently associated with reduced incidence and mortality of gastric cancer in the general population. Metformin or statin use, however, was only associated with a reduction of gastric cancer mortality in diabetic patients and in the general population in a dose-response manner, respectively.
• Research Article

  The Acceptability and Preference of Vaginal Self-sampling for Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Testing among a Multi-ethnic Asian Female Population

  Su Pei Khoo, Wen Tzien Lim, Reena Rajasuriar, Nazrila Hairizan Nasir, Patti Gravitt and Yin Ling Woo

  Cancer Prev Res January 1 2021 14 (1) 105-112; DOI:10.1158/1940-6207.CAPR-20-0280

  
  

  Organized cervical cancer screening remains unachievable in many countries. Self-sampling HPV testing is an evidence-based method that can remove barriers to cervical screening. This is particularly important for developing countries in order to achieve the WHO global strategy to accelerate cervical cancer elimination.
• Research Article

  Utilization Pattern of Computed Tomographic Colonography in the United States: Analysis of the U.S. National Health Interview Survey

  Young-Rock Hong, Zhigang Xie, Kea Turner, Santanu Datta, Rohit Bishnoi and Chintan Shah

  Cancer Prev Res January 1 2021 14 (1) 113-122; DOI:10.1158/1940-6207.CAPR-20-0175

  
  

  Although computed tomographic (CT) colonography has been proved to be cost-effective and have better patient acceptance, its overall utilization for colorectal cancer (CRC) screening is low (<1.4%) among US adults aged 45+ in 2018. More efforts are needed to implement strategies to increase CT colonography for effective CRC prevention.
• Research Article

  Health Insurance Coverage Mandates: Colorectal Cancer Screening in the Post-ACA Era

  Michael A. Preston, Levi Ross, Askar Chukmaitov, Sharla A. Smith, Michelle L. Odlum, Bassam Dahman and Vanessa B. Sheppard

  Cancer Prev Res January 1 2021 14 (1) 123-130; DOI:10.1158/1940-6207.CAPR-20-0028

  
  

  The value added includes future health care reforms that increase access to preventive services, such as CRC screening, are likely with lower out-of-pocket costs and will increase the number of people who are considered “up-to-date”. Such policies have been used historically to improve health outcomes, and they are currently being used as public health strategies to increase access to preventive health services in an effort to improve the nation's health.
• Research Article

  Breast Cancer Chemoprevention: Use and Views of Australian Women and Their Clinicians

  Courtney Macdonald, Christobel M. Saunders, Louise A. Keogh, Morgan Hunter, Danielle Mazza, Sue-Anne McLachlan, Sandra C. Jones, Stephanie Nesci, Michael L. Friedlander, John L. Hopper, Jon D. Emery, Martha Hickey, Roger L. Milne and Kelly-Anne Phillips; for the Kathleen Cuningham Consortium for Research Into Familial Breast Cancer

  Cancer Prev Res January 1 2021 14 (1) 131-144; DOI:10.1158/1940-6207.CAPR-20-0369

  
  

  Despite its efficacy in reducing breast cancer incidence, chemoprevention is underutilised. This survey study of Australian women and their clinicians used behavioural change theory to identify modifiable barriers to chemoprevention uptake, and to suggest interventions such as policy change, educational resources and public campaigns, that may increase awareness and use.