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Cancer Prevention Research
Cancer Prevention Research
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Research Article

Estrogen Receptor-β as a Potential Target for Colon Cancer Prevention: Chemoprevention of Azoxymethane-Induced Colon Carcinogenesis by Raloxifene in F344 Rats

Naveena B. Janakiram, Vernon E. Steele and Chinthalapally V. Rao
Naveena B. Janakiram
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Vernon E. Steele
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Chinthalapally V. Rao
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DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.CAPR-08-0140 Published January 2009
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    Fig. 1

    Raloxifene-induced cytotoxicity determined by trypan blue assay on HCT-116 (ER-β positive) and DLD (ER-β negative) cells. Cells were exposed to 2.0 to 10.0 μmol/L of raloxifene for 24 h. IC50 is calculated based on 50% inhibition of cell proliferation at a specific concentration of raloxifene. Points, mean of three independent experiments; bars, SE. *, P value. Values are significantly different from control by unpaired two-tailed t test (*, P < 0.106; **, P < 0.007-0019; ***, P < 0.0001) near the points. DLD cell line was observed to be more resistant compared with HCT-116 cell line.

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    Fig. 2

    A and C, protein expression levels of PCNA and ER-β were carried out by Western immunoblotting from the protein extracts of HCT-116 cells treated with various concentration of raloxifene. B and D, immunocytochemistry for PCNA and ER-β expression in raloxifene-treated and untreated HCT-116 cells. Intense positive nuclear staining (brown stain) is observed in control cells with diminished/spotty staining in treated HCT-116 cells. E, immunohistochemical analysis of ER-β protein expression in rat colon adenocarcinomas and normal colonic mucosa. An intense positive staining (brown stain) is observed in tumor tissue compared with normal colonic mucosa.

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    Fig. 3

    A, up-regulation of ER-β protein expression in AOM-induced colonic adenocarcinomas in comparison with normal mucosa by Western immunoblotting. B, up-regulation of ER-β mRNA expression in AOM-induced colonic adenocarcinomas in comparison with normal mucosa by RT-PCR. Statistical “P value” is shown as a bar graph adjacent to each figure.

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    Fig. 4

    A, effect of raloxifene on AOM-induced total mean number of colonic ACF formation in F344 rats. B, effect of raloxifene on AOM-induced colonic four or more aberrant crypt formation in F344 rats.

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Cancer Prevention Research: 2 (1)
January 2009
Volume 2, Issue 1
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Estrogen Receptor-β as a Potential Target for Colon Cancer Prevention: Chemoprevention of Azoxymethane-Induced Colon Carcinogenesis by Raloxifene in F344 Rats
Naveena B. Janakiram, Vernon E. Steele and Chinthalapally V. Rao
Cancer Prev Res January 1 2009 (2) (1) 52-59; DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.CAPR-08-0140

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Estrogen Receptor-β as a Potential Target for Colon Cancer Prevention: Chemoprevention of Azoxymethane-Induced Colon Carcinogenesis by Raloxifene in F344 Rats
Naveena B. Janakiram, Vernon E. Steele and Chinthalapally V. Rao
Cancer Prev Res January 1 2009 (2) (1) 52-59; DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.CAPR-08-0140
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Cancer Prevention Research
eISSN: 1940-6215
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