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Cancer Prevention Research
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MiniReview

Heme Iron from Meat and Risk of Colorectal Cancer: A Meta-analysis and a Review of the Mechanisms Involved

Nadia M. Bastide, Fabrice H.F. Pierre and Denis E. Corpet
Nadia M. Bastide
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Fabrice H.F. Pierre
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Denis E. Corpet
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DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.CAPR-10-0113 Published February 2011
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Abstract

Red meat and processed meat intake is associated with a risk of colorectal cancer, a major cause of death in affluent countries. Epidemiological and experimental evidence supports the hypothesis that heme iron present in meat promotes colorectal cancer. This meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies of colon cancer reporting heme intake included 566,607 individuals and 4,734 cases of colon cancer. The relative risk of colon cancer was 1.18 (95% CI: 1.06–1.32) for subjects in the highest category of heme iron intake compared with those in the lowest category. Epidemiological data thus show a suggestive association between dietary heme and risk of colon cancer. The analysis of experimental studies in rats with chemically-induced colon cancer showed that dietary hemoglobin and red meat consistently promote aberrant crypt foci, a putative precancer lesion. The mechanism is not known, but heme iron has a catalytic effect on (i) the endogenous formation of carcinogenic N-nitroso compounds and (ii) the formation of cytotoxic and genotoxic aldehydes by lipoperoxidation. A review of evidence supporting these hypotheses suggests that both pathways are involved in heme iron toxicity. Cancer Prev Res; 4(2); 177–84. ©2011 AACR.

Footnotes

  • Note: Supplementary data for this article are available at Cancer Prevention Research Online (http://cancerprevres.aacrjournals.org/)

  • Received May 12, 2010.
  • Revision received November 22, 2010.
  • Accepted December 1, 2010.
  • ©2011 American Association for Cancer Research.
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Cancer Prevention Research: 4 (2)
February 2011
Volume 4, Issue 2
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Heme Iron from Meat and Risk of Colorectal Cancer: A Meta-analysis and a Review of the Mechanisms Involved
Nadia M. Bastide, Fabrice H.F. Pierre and Denis E. Corpet
Cancer Prev Res February 1 2011 (4) (2) 177-184; DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.CAPR-10-0113

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Heme Iron from Meat and Risk of Colorectal Cancer: A Meta-analysis and a Review of the Mechanisms Involved
Nadia M. Bastide, Fabrice H.F. Pierre and Denis E. Corpet
Cancer Prev Res February 1 2011 (4) (2) 177-184; DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.CAPR-10-0113
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Cancer Prevention Research
eISSN: 1940-6215
ISSN: 1940-6207

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