Summary statistics for the association between H. pylori and esophageal adenocarcinoma
| No. studies | Q statistic* | P† | I2 (%)‡ | Random effects OR (95% CI) | Fixed effects OR (95% CI) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| H. pylori (840/2,890)§ | ||||||
| All studies | 13 | 14.19 | 0.29 | 15 | 0.56 (0.46–0.68) | 0.55 (0.47–0.66) |
| Large studies (SE < 0.5) | 8 | 9.64 | 0.21 | 27 | 0.58 (0.47–0.73) | 0.57 (0.48–0.68) |
| Population-based studies | 6 | 7.32 | 0.20 | 32 | 0.58 (0.43–0.76) | 0.57 (0.46–0.71) |
| Western studies | 12 | 13.28 | 0.28 | 17 | 0.57 (0.47–0.70) | 0.56 (0.47–0.67) |
| Eastern studies | 1 | — | — | 0 | 0.32 (0.10–1.02) | 0.32 (0.10–1.02) |
| Studies used serologic tests | 10 | 10.03 | 0.35 | 10 | 0.59 (0.48–0.73) | 0.56 (0.47–0.67) |
| Studies with age-matched controls | 8 | 9.17 | 0.24 | 24 | 0.58 (0.46–0.75) | 0.58 (0.47–0.71) |
| Studies that required Barrett's esophagus for EAC diagnosis | 5 | 3.77 | 0.44 | 0 | 0.44 (0.33–0.58) | 0.43 (0.33–0.56) |
| Adjusted results | 7 | 13.25 | 0.04 | 55 | 0.50 (0.34–0.74) | 0.52 (0.41–0.66) |
| H. pylori (the broader definition)∥ | 13 | 16.60 | 0.17 | 28 | 0.56 (0.45–0.69) | 0.57 (0.46–0.71) |
| CagA-negative strains¶ | 5 | 1.64 | 0.80 | 0 | 1.08 (0.76–1.53) | 1.07 (0.75–1.52) |
| CagA-positive strains** | 5 | 4.78 | 0.31 | 16 | 0.41 (0.28–0.62) | 0.40 (0.28–0.56) |
↵*χ2 Q statistic for homogeneity in random effects model.
↵†P value for the Q statistic in random effects model.
↵‡Higgins I2 statistic for heterogeneity in random-effects model.
↵§Being positive for antibodies against whole-cell or being positive for H. pylori in invasive tests; numbers inside parenthesis refer to number of cases/controls.
↵∥Being positive for antibodies against whole-cell or CagA, or positive for H. pylori in invasive tests.
↵¶This row compares subjects with CagA-negative strains versus those who are H. pylori negative.
↵**This row compares subjects with CagA-positive strains versus those who are H. pylori negative.